What is the primary purpose of the Coggins test?

The primary purpose of the Coggins test is to check for equine infectious anemia (EIA), a viral disease that affects horses and can be transmitted through blood-sucking insects or contaminated equipment. EIA can lead to severe health issues for affected horses, and unfortunately, there is no effective cure, making prevention crucial.

The Coggins test is a blood test that detects antibodies to the EIA virus, ensuring that horses are not carriers of this disease. This test is particularly important when it comes to horse transportation, sales, or events, as it helps prevent the spread of EIA in equine populations. Ensuring that horses are Coggins-negative is vital for the health of both individual animals and the broader equine community.

The other options, though important aspects of equine health management, are not the primary focus of the Coggins test. General health assessments, breed purity verification, and vaccination monitoring serve different purposes in the field of equine care.